Imprint

ZERO Foundation


Hüttenstraße 104
40215 Düsseldorf
Germany
Tel.: +49 (0)211 59 80 59 77
Fax: +49 (0)211 59 80 59 76
Email: info@zerofoundation.de

Executive Board


Dr. Antonia Lehmann-Tolkmitt (Chairwoman)
Dr. Felix Krämer (Vice Chairman)
Claus Gielisch
Harry Schmitz
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Wilhelm

Director


Dr. Barbara Könches


Design & technical realisation


Studio Aup
Berlin

Domain-Provider: Mittwald

Filling of the website


Rebecca Welkens
Anna-Lena Weise
Helin Krolak (Studentische Hilfskraft)


Copyright


Copyright © 2024 ZERO foundation as well as the artists, photographers, graphic designers, institutions and authors.

© 2024 VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn, and legal successors for the illustrated works by: Josef Albers, Bernard Aubertin, Laurenz Berges, Marcel Duchamp, Hans Haacke, Robert Indiana, Yves Klein, Heinz Mack, Piero Manzoni, Christian Megert, Otto Piene, Reiner Ruthenbeck, Niki de Saint Phalle, Hans Salentin, Jesús Rafael Soto, Jean Tinguely, Günther Uecker, Timm Ulrichs, Jef Verheyen, and Paul de Vree

© For all works from the collection and all documents from the ZERO foundation archive: the artists and the ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf

© Archivio Dadamaino for Dadamaino Volume a moduli sfasati (Women)

© Archive for Christian Democratic Politics (ACDP), [CC BY-SA 3.0 de] for Portrait drawing of Konrad Adenauer (Experiment)

© Association Marcel Duchamp for installation view Le Movement (Kinetics)

© Eugen Gomringer for the poems Silence and Wind, both 1953 (Concrete Poetry)

© Ewa Sapka-Pawliczak and Muzeum Sztuki, Łodz for Władysław Strzemiński, Kompozycja unistyczna (Structure)

© Galerie Denise René, Paris for installation view Le Movement (Kinetics)

© Heinz Gappmayr for the poem Weiss (Concrete Poetry)

© John Bryson and Coliene Murphy for Jean Tinguely, Niki de Saint-Phalle, Study For an End of the World No. 2 (Fire)

©Leonard Merkes for audio file of Moving Memories (Quotes)

© Morgan Art Foundation ARS, New York for installation view of the exhibition Group Zero (International)

© Muzeum Narodowe Wrocław for Jerzy Rosołowicz Neutron Temat 3/a and Henryk Stażewski Relief aluminiowy 2 (Structure)

© Niki Charitable Art Foundation for Jean Tinguely, Niki de Saint-Phalle, Study For an End of the World No. 2 (Fire)

© Otto Piene Estate for Installation view Otto Piene Die Sonne kommt näher (Theater) and Otto Piene SCHWARZ WEISS GRAU (Women)

© Theatermuseum Düsseldorf for the illustrations of the ballet evenings of the Deutsche Oper am Rhein with the designs by Heinz Mack, Otto Piene and Günther Uecker (Theater)

© Yves Klein Estate for negatives of Yves Klein’s Anthropometrie Barbara (Yves)

© The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation for Josef Albers Study for Homage to the Square (Experiment)

© The Trustees of the British Museum for Ambrosius Holbein Aerial Perspective of Utopia (Utopia)

© Schafgans Archive/Hans Schafgans for installation views of Zero in Bonn (Light & Poster)

© Stockhausen-Stiftung für Musik for Karlheinz Stockhausen Studie I and Kontakte (the latter supplemented by the design by Jia Liu) (Music)

© ullstein bild-Springer for Opening of the Berlin Wall (Music)

© Von der Heydt-Museum Wuppertal for Otto Piene Lichtweisskreis (Structure)

© 1953 Paramount Pictures Corporation for poster War of the Worlds (Utopia)

The text by Eugen Gomringer, “Concrete Poetry and ZERO,” was first published in: ZERO. Bildvorstellung einer europäischen Avantgarde 1958–1964, ed. by Ursula Perucchi-Petri, exh. cat. Kunsthaus Zurich, 1979, pp. 37–39.

The ZERO foundation endeavors to respect copyright in a manner consistent with its nonprofit educational mission. If you believe any material has been included in this publication improperly, please contact the ZERO foundation at info@zerofoundation.de.

All texts, images, graphics, sound, video and animation files as well as their arrangement within the website are subject to German copyright law and other laws for the protection of intellectual property. It is not permitted to copy data and content for commercial or other purposes or to pass them on to third parties.

Disclaimer


The ZERO foundation has endeavoured to the best of its knowledge and belief to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the content and rights provided. No liability is assumed for this. Nor is the ZERO foundation liable for damage caused by viruses or third-party software.

The ZERO foundation supplements and updates its website on a regular basis, which also changes the information provided. Restoration measures are not listed on the website.

Data Privacy

Information on the processing of personal data


Name and address of the controller


The controller within the meaning of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other national data protection laws of the member states as well as other data protection regulations is:

ZERO foundation
Hüttenstraße 104,
40215 Düsseldorf
Tel.: +49(0)211 59 80 59 77
E-Mail: info@zerofoundation.de
If you have any questions about data protection, please contact us using the keyword „Datenschutz“ at: datenschutz@zerofoundation.de.

Processing of personal data in the context of our contractual relationship
Concrete processing:


We process your personal data exclusively for the establishment, execution and fulfilment of your contractual relationship with us. Beyond this, your personal data will only be processed if we have received your consent or if we have a legitimate interest. We process the following personal data:

First and last name, address, contact details (telephone, e-mail), name of the company/institute if applicable

Any other personal data that we receive from you as part of the contractual relationship.

Recipient of the data:


Your personal data will only be passed on or otherwise transferred to third parties if this is necessary to fulfil our contractual obligations or if you have consented to the transfer.
If a legal dispute arises during an existing contractual relationship or after termination, the data required for the corresponding legal proceedings will be transmitted to debt collection agencies, lawyers, courts and, if applicable, enforcement officers.

Legal basis for data processing


The legal basis for the processing of personal data is Art. 6 para. 1 lit. b and f GDPR. If the processing is based on consent, the legal basis is Art. 6 para. 1 lit. a GDPR.

Purpose of data processing


Your data is collected for the establishment, execution and termination of the contractual relationship, for correspondence with you, to refer you, if desired, to further suitable documents, to process research requests from you, for invoicing, if necessary to process any existing liability claims and to assert any claims against you.

Duration of storage


The personal data that we receive from you as part of the contractual relationship will be deleted after termination of the contract, provided that there are no statutory retention periods to which we are subject. Retention periods under commercial and tax law are generally 6 to 10 years.

Processing of personal data in the context of advertising, description and scope of data processing


To the extent permitted, we process the following data for personal and advertising purposes:
Title, first name, surname
e-mail address(es),
address.

Legal basis for data processing


The legal basis for the processing and storage of the data is Art. 6 para. 1 lit. f GDPR. Insofar as an advertising approach is made by e-mail, the processing and storage only takes place with the corresponding consent in accordance with Art. 6 para. 1 lit. a GDPR or in accordance with § 7 para. 3 UWG in conjunction with Art. 6 para. 1 lit. f GDPR.

Purpose of data processing


The processing takes place in order to be able to send you information about our foundation and to inform you or your company about events organised by our foundation.

Duration of storage


The personal data collected by us for advertising purposes will be stored for the duration of the contractual relationship and for two years after its termination and then deleted. This does not apply if we are obliged to store the data for a longer period in accordance with Art. 6 para. 1 sentence 1 lit. c GDPR or if you have consented to further storage in accordance with Art. 6 para. 1 sentence 1 lit. a GDPR.

Your rights


If your personal data is processed, you are a data subject within the meaning of the GDPR and you have the following rights vis-à-vis the controller:

Right to information


You can request confirmation from the controller as to whether personal data concerning you is being processed by us. If such processing is taking place, you can request the following information from the controller:
the purposes for which the personal data are processed; the categories of personal data which are processed; the recipients or categories of recipients to whom the personal data concerning you have been or will be disclosed;
the envisaged period for which the personal data concerning you will be stored, or, if specific information on this is not possible, the criteria used to determine that period;
the existence of a right to rectification or erasure of personal data concerning you, a right to restriction of processing by the controller or a right to object to such processing
the existence of a right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority
all available information about the origin of the data if the personal data is not collected from the data subject;
You have the right to request information as to whether the personal data concerning you is transferred to a third country or to an international organisation. In this context, you may request to be informed of the appropriate safeguards pursuant to Art. 46 GDPR in connection with the transfer.

Right to rectification


You have a right to rectification and/or completion vis-à-vis the controller if the processed personal data concerning you is incorrect or incomplete. The controller must make the correction without delay.

Right to restriction of processing


You may request the restriction of the processing of your personal data under the following conditions:
if you contest the accuracy of the personal data concerning you for a period enabling the controller to verify the accuracy of the personal data;
the processing is unlawful and you oppose the erasure of the personal data and request the restriction of their use instead;
the controller no longer needs the personal data for the purposes of the processing, but they are required by you for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims, or
if you have objected to the processing pursuant to Art. 21 para. 1 GDPR and it is not yet certain whether the legitimate reasons of the controller outweigh your reasons.
If the processing of personal data concerning you has been restricted, this data – apart from its storage – may only be processed with your consent or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims or for the protection of the rights of another natural or legal person or for reasons of important public interest of the Union or of a Member State.
If the restriction of processing has been restricted in accordance with the above conditions, you will be informed by the controller before the restriction is lifted.

Right to cancellation
Obligation to erase


You may ask us to delete the personal data concerning you immediately and we are obliged to delete this data immediately if one of the following reasons applies:
The personal data concerning you are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they were collected or otherwise processed.
You withdraw your consent on which the processing was based according to Art. 6 para. 1 lit. a or Art. 9 para. 2 lit. a GDPR, and where there is no other legal ground for the processing.
You object to the processing pursuant to Art. 21 (1) GDPR and there are no overriding legitimate grounds for the processing, or you object to the processing pursuant to Art. 21 (2) GDPR.
The personal data concerning you has been processed unlawfully.
The deletion of personal data concerning you is necessary to fulfil a legal obligation under Union law or the law of the Member States to which the controller is subject.
The personal data concerning you have been collected in relation to the offer of information society services referred to in Article 8(1) GDPR.

Information to third parties


If we have made the personal data concerning you public and we are obliged to delete it in accordance with Art. 17 para. 1 GDPR, we will take appropriate measures, including technical measures, taking into account the available technology and the implementation costs, to inform data controllers who process the personal data that you, as the data subject, have requested them to delete all links to this personal data or copies or replications of this personal data.

Exceptions


The right to erasure does not exist if the processing is necessary for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information;
for compliance with a legal obligation which requires processing by Union or Member State law to which the controller is subject or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller for reasons of public interest in the area of public health in accordance with Art. 9 para. 2 lit. h and i and Art. 9 para. 3 GDPR for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in accordance with Art. 89 para. 1 GDPR, insofar as the right referred to in section a) is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the objectives of that processing, or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.

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If you have asserted the right to rectification, erasure or restriction of processing, we are obliged to notify all recipients to whom the personal data concerning you have been disclosed of this rectification or erasure of the data or restriction of processing, unless this proves impossible or involves a disproportionate effort.
You have the right vis-à-vis the controller to be informed about these recipients.

Right to data portability


You have the right to receive the personal data concerning you, which you have provided to us, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format. You also have the right to transmit this data to another controller without hindrance from the controller to which the personal data has been provided, provided that the processing is based on consent pursuant to Art. 6 para. 1 lit. a GDPR or Art. 9 para. 2 lit. a GDPR or on a contract pursuant to Art. 6 para. 1 lit. b GDPR and the processing is carried out by automated means.
In exercising this right, you also have the right to obtain that the personal data concerning you be transferred directly from one controller to another controller, insofar as this is technically feasible. The freedoms and rights of other persons must not be affected by this.
The right to data portability does not apply to the processing of personal data necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller.

Right to revoke the declaration of consent under data protection law


You have the right to revoke your declaration of consent under data protection law at any time. The withdrawal of consent does not affect the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal. To revoke your consent or to object, simply send us an email to: datenschutz@zerofoundation.de.

Right to objection


You have the right to object, on grounds relating to your particular situation, at any time to processing of personal data concerning you which is based on point (e) or (f) of Article 6(1) GDPR, including profiling based on those provisions. The controller will no longer process the personal data concerning you unless the controller demonstrates compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override your interests, rights and freedoms or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.
You have the option, in connection with the use of information society services – notwithstanding Directive 2002/58/EC – to exercise your right to object by means of automated procedures that use technical specifications.

Right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority


Without prejudice to any other administrative or judicial remedy, you have the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority, in particular in the Member State of your habitual residence, place of work or place of the alleged infringement if you consider that the processing of personal data relating to you infringes the GDPR.
The supervisory authority with which the complaint has been lodged shall inform the complainant on the progress and the outcome of the complaint including the possibility of a judicial remedy pursuant to Art. 78 GDPR.
Heinz Mack, ZERO-Wecker , 1961/Artist15 x 13 x 6 cm, alarm clock with collage, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-No. mkp.ZERO.2008.12, photo: Horst Kolberg
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  ZERO-Kurzbiografie Uli Pohl Der am 28. Oktober 1935 in München geborene Uli Pohl studiert von 1954 bis 1961 bei Ernst Geitlinger Malerei an der Akademie der Bildenden Künste in München. 1961 lädt Udo Kultermann den Absolventen zur Teilnahme an der Ausstellung 30 junge Deutsche im Schloss Morsbroich in Leverkusen ein. An dieser sind auch Heinz Mack, Otto Piene und Günther Uecker beteiligt. Es dauert nicht lange, da wird er in der Zeitschrift ZERO vol. 3 als DYNAMO POHL aufgenommen und von da an gehören seine Werke zu den ZERO-Ausstellungen. Pohls künstlerisches Wahlmaterial war lange Z
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  ZERO-Kurzbiografie Adolf Luther   Adolf Luther wird am 25. April 1912 in Krefeld-Uerdingen geboren. Er starb am 20. September 1990 in Krefeld. Nach seinem Jurastudium in Bonn, welches er 1943 mit seiner Promotion abschließt, ist er zunächst bis 1957 als Richter in Krefeld und Minden tätig. Bereits während des Krieges beginnt Luther sich mit der Malerei auseinanderzusetzen, zugunsten der er seinen Beruf als Richter aufgibt, und versucht durch gestisch-informelle Malerei traditionelle Strukturen zu überwinden. 1959 entstehen seine ersten ausschließlich schwarzen Materiebilder, dere
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  Short ZERO-Biography of Adolf Luther   Adolf Luther was born in Krefeld-Uerdingen on April 25, 1912. He died in Krefeld on September 20, 1990. After studying law in Bonn, which he completed with his doctorate in 1943, he initially worked as a judge in Krefeld and Minden until 1957. Already during the war Luther begins to explore painting, in favor of which he gives up his job as a judge, and tries to overcome traditional structures through gestural-informal painting. In 1959 he created his first exclusively black Materiebilder (matter paintings), whose relief protrudes into three
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  ZERO-Kurzbiografie Almir Mavignier   Almir Mavignier, geboren am 01. Mai 1925 in Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien, gestorben am 03. September 2018 in Hamburg, war Maler und Grafiker. Er studiert ab 1946 Malerei in Rio de Janeiro und malt drei Jahre später bereits sein erstes abstraktes Bild. 1951 zieht er nach Paris und von dort aus weiter nach Ulm, wo er bis 1958 an der Hochschule für Gestaltung bei Max Bill und Josef Albers studiert. In dieser Zeit entstehen seine ersten Punkt-Bilder sowie erste Rasterstrukturen, die seine Verbindung zur Konkreten Kunst aufzeigen. Ab 1958 beteiligt Ma
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Short ZERO-Biography of Almir Mavignier   Almir Mavignier, born May 01, 1925 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, died September 03, 2018 in Hamburg, was a painter and graphic artist. He studied painting in Rio de Janeiro from 1946 and already painted his first abstract painting three years later. In 1951 he moved to Paris and from there on to Ulm, where he studied at the Hochschule für Gestaltungwith Max Bill and Josef Albers until 1958. During this time he created his first dot paintings as well as his first grid structures, which show his connection to Concrete Art. From 1958 Mavignier partici
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ZERO-Kurzbiografie Christian Megert Christian Megert wird am 06. Januar 1936 in Bern geboren, wo er von 1952 bis 1956 die Kunstgewerbeschule besucht. Bereits 1956 stellt er in seiner ersten Ausstellung in Bern weiß-in-weiß gemalte Strukturbilder aus. Nach Aufenthalten in Stockholm, Berlin und Paris, bei denen er sich international behaupten kann, kehrt er 1960 in die Schweiz zurück. In diesem Jahr macht er Bekanntschaft mit den Künstler*innen der ZERO-Bewegung, an deren Ausstellungen er sich mit Environments, Spiegelobjekten und kinetischen Objekten beteiligt. Christian Megerts primäres künstlerisches Gestaltungsmittel ist der Spiegel, den er bereits zu Beginn seiner Karriere für sich entdeckt und mit dem er den Raum erforscht. In seinem Manifest ein neuer raum (1961) beschwört der Künstler seinen idealen Raum ohne Anfang und Ende. Seit 1973 ist Christian Megerts Domizil Düsseldorf, wo er von 1976 bis 2002 die Professur für Integration Bildende Kunst und Architektur an der Kunstakademie innehat. Weiterführende Literatur: Anette Kuhn, Christian Megert. Eine monographie,Wabern-Bern 1997. Foto: Harmut Rekort, Ausstellung "Christian Megert. Unendliche Dimensionen", Galerie d, Frankfurt, 1963
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  Short ZERO-Biography of Christian Megert   Christian Megert was born on January 6, 1936 in Bern, where he attended the School of Applied Arts from 1952 to 1956. Already in 1956 he exhibits in his first exhibition in Bern white-in-white painted structural pictures. After residencies in Stockholm, Berlin and Paris, where he was able to establish himself internationally, he returned to Switzerland in 1960. In this year he became acquainted with the artists of the ZERO movement, in whose exhibitions he participated with environments, mirror objects and kinetic objects. Christian Mege
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  ZERO-Kurzbiografie Daniel Spoerri   Daniel Spoerri, geboren am 27. März 1930 in Galati, Rumänien, studiert zunächst Tanz und ist zwischen 1952 und 1957 als Balletttänzer in Paris und Bern tätig. Bereits 1956 wendet er sich aber allmählich vom Tanz ab, und, nach einer kurzen Episode als Regieassistent, der bildenden Kunst zu. 1959 nimmt er mit seinem Autotheater an der Ausstellung Vision in Motion – Motion in Vision im Antwerpener Hessenhuis teil, an der auch Heinz Mack und Otto Piene beteiligt sind. Viele der späteren ZERO-Künstler beteiligten sich an seiner Edition MAT (1959), d
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  Short ZERO-Biography of Daniel Spoerri   Daniel Spoerri, born on March 27, 1930 in Galati, Romania, initially studied dance and worked as a ballet dancer in Paris and Bern between 1952 and 1957. As early as 1956, however, he gradually turned away from dance and, after a brief episode as an assistant stage director, toward the visual arts. In 1959 he participates with his Autotheater in the exhibition Vision in Motion – Motion in Vision in the Antwerp Hessenhuis, in which Heinz Mack and Otto Piene are also involved. Many of the later ZERO artists participated in his Edition
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  ZERO-Kurzbiografie von Günther Uecker Günther Uecker, geboren am 13. März 1930 in Wendorf, Mecklenburg, lebt und arbeitet in Düsseldorf. Nach einem Studium der angewandten Kunst in Wismar und später in Berlin/Weißensee siedelte er 1953 in die Bundesrepublik Deutschland über. Von 1955 bis 1957 studierte er an der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, an der er dann von 1974 bis 1995 als Professor tätig wurde. 1958 nahm Günther Uecker an der 7. Abendausstellung „Das rote Bild“ teil, die von Heinz Mack und Otto Piene in der Gladbacher Straße 69 in Düsseldorf organisiert wurde. 1961 beteiligte er sic
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Short ZERO biography of Günther Uecker Günther Uecker was born on 13 March 1930 in Wendorf and lives and works in Düsseldorf. After his studies of applied arts in Wismar and later also in Berlin/Weißensee, Uecker moved to the Federal Republic of Germany in 1953. From 1955 to 1957, he studied at the Kunstakademie (Academy of Arts) Düsseldorf, where he later worked at as a professor from 1974 to 1995. In 1958, Günther Uecker participated in the seventh “Abendausstellung” (evening exhibition), organised by Heinz Mack and Otto Piene at Gladbacher Straße 69 in Düsseldorf and called “D
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ZERO-Kurzbiografie von Heinz Mack Heinz Mack, am 8. März 1931 im hessischen Lollar geboren, lebt und arbeitet in Mönchengladbach und auf Ibiza. Er studierte von 1950 bis 1956 Malerei an der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, wo er Otto Piene kennenlernte, sowie Philosophie an der Universität zu Köln. 1957 initiierte er zusammen mit Otto Piene die sogenannten „Abendausstellungen“, die jeweils nur für einen Abend in den Atelierräumen der zwei Künstler in der Gladbacher Straße 69 zu sehen waren. 1958 gründete Heinz Mack mit Otto Piene die Zeitschrift „ZERO“, die einer ganzen internationalen Kunst
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Short ZERO biography of Heinz Mack Heinz Mack was born on 8 March 1931 in Lollar in Hesse and currently lives and works in Mönchengladbach and Ibiza. From 1950 to 1956, he studied the art of painting at the Kunstakademie [Academy of Arts] in Düsseldorf, where he met Otto Piene, as well as philosophy at the University of Cologne. In 1957, Mack, together with Piene, initiated the so-called “Abendausstellungen” [Evening exhibitions], which were only on display for one evening respectively. The exhibitions could be viewed inside the studio space of the two artists, located at Gladbacher S
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Otto Piene, Sketch for the slide installation “Lichtballett ‘Hommage à New York'” , 1966Inv.-Nr.: mkp.ZERO.2.IV.90, Nachlass Otto Piene, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf Otto Piene conceived the "Li...
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Otto Piene, Entwurf für die Dia-Installation „Lichtballett ‚Hommage à New York'“ , 1966Inv.-Nr.: mkp.ZERO.2.IV.90, Nachlass Otto Piene, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf Otto Piene konzipierte das "L...
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Kurzbiografie Nanda Vigo Nanda Vigo, am 14. November 1936 in Mailand geboren und am 16. Mai 2020 ebenda gestorben, war Designerin, Künstlerin, Architektin und Kuratorin. Nachdem sie einen Abschluss als Architektin am Institut Polytechnique, Lausanne, sowie ein Praktikum in San Francisco absolvierte, eröffnet sie 1959 ihr eigenes Studio in Mailand. In diesem Jahr beginnen ihre Besuche in Lucio Fontanas Atelier und sie lernt Piero Manzoni und Enrico Castellani kennen. Zudem reist sie für verschiedenste Ausstellungen durch Europa und lernt so die Künstler*innen und Orte der ZERO-Bewegung in Deu
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  Short ZERO-Biography of Nanda Vigo   Nanda Vigo, born in Milan on November 14, 1936, where she died on May 16, 2020, was a designer, artist, architect and curator. After graduating as an architect from the Institut Polytechnique, Lausanne, and an internship in San Francisco, she opened her own studio in Milan in 1959. In this year her visits to Lucio Fontana’s studio begin and she meets Piero Manzoni and Enrico Castellani. She also travels through Europe for various exhibitions and gets to know the artists and places of the ZERO movement in Germany, France and Holland. In 1
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Short ZERO-Biography of Oskar Holweck   Oskar Holweck was born in St. Ingbert, Saarland, on November 19, 1924, and died there on January 30, 2007. Except for a few years of study in Paris, he remained loyal to the Saarland. He taught at the State School of Arts and Crafts and at the State School of Applied Arts in Saarbrücken. He turned down appointments at other art schools and invitations to the documenta exhibitions of 1959 and 1972. However, he takes part in the numerous exhibitions of the ZERO group. From 1958 on, he exhibited with its protagonists all over the world. At the begin
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ZERO-Kurzbiografie Oskar Holweck   Oskar Holweck wurde am 19. November 1924 in St. Ingbert im Saarland geboren und ist am 30. Januar 2007 ebenda verstorben. Bis auf einige Studienjahre in Paris bleibt er dem Saarland treu. Er lehrt an der Staatlichen Schule für Kunst und Handwerk sowie an der Staatlichen Werkkunstschule in Saarbrücken. Berufungen an andere Kunstschulen und Einladungen zu den documenta-Ausstellungen von 1959 und 1972 lehnt er ab. An den zahlreichen Ausstellungen der ZERO-Gruppe nimmt er aber teil. Ab 1958 stellt er mit ihren Protagonist*innen in der ganzen Welt aus. Zu
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  ZERO-Kurzbiografie von Otto Piene Otto Piene wurde am 18. April 1928 in Laasphe (Westfalen) geboren und starb am 17. Juli 2014 in Berlin. Nach zwei Jahren in München studierte er von 1950 bis 1957 Malerei an der Kunstakademie Düsseldorf sowie Philosophie an der Universität zu Köln. 1957 initiierte Otto Piene zusammen mit Heinz Mack, den er an der Kunstakademie kennengelernt hatte, die sogenannten „Abendausstellungen“, die jeweils nur für einen Abend in den Atelierräumen der zwei Künstler in der Gladbacher Straße 69 zu sehen waren. 1958 gründete er mit Heinz Mack die Zeitschrift „ZERO“
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  Short ZERO biography of Otto Piene Otto Piene was born on 18 April 1928 in Laasphe (Westphalia) and died on 17 July 2014 in Berlin. After spending two years in Munich, he studied the art of painting at the Kunstakademie [Academy of Arts] in Düsseldorf from 1950 to 1957, as well as philosophy at the University of Cologne. In 1957, Otto Piene, together with Heinz Mack, initiated the “Abendausstellungen”, which were only on display for one evening respectively. The artists had met in the Kunstakademie and the exhibitions could be viewed in their joint studio space, located at Gladbacher
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Heinz Mack, Rotor für Lichtgitter , 1967Rotor: 141,5 x 141,5 x 25 cm, Sockel: 60 x 125 x 35 cm, Aluminium, Plexiglas, Spanplatte, Motor, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-Nr. mkp.ZERO.2009.03, Foto: Weiss-Henseler
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Heinz Mack, Rotor für Lichtgitter, 1967, rotor: 141,5 x 141,5 x 25 cm, base: 60 x 125 x 35 cm, aluminum, acrylic glass, wood (chipboard), motor, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-No. mkp.ZERO.2009.03, photo: Weiss-Henseler
zerofoundation.de/en/rotor-fuer-lichtgitter-2/
Günther Uecker, Sandmühle, 1970/2009, 50 x 60 x 400 (dia) cm, cords, wood, electric motor, sand, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-No. mkp.ZERO.2008.66, photo: ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf and Pohang Museum of Steel Art, Pohang
zerofoundation.de/en/sandmuhle/
Günther Uecker, Sandmühle , 1970/200950 x 60 x 400 (dia) cm, Bindfäden, Holz, Elektrikmotor, Sand, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-Nr. mkp.ZERO.2008.66, Foto: ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf and Pohang Museum of Steel Art, Pohang                                                                                                                                                           
zerofoundation.de/sandmuehle/
Heinz Mack, Siehst du den Wind? (Gruß an Tinguely), 1962, 204 x 64 x 40 cm, Aluminium, Eisen, Elektrik, Motor, Kunststoffbänder, Klebeband, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-Nr. mkp.ZERO.2008.16, Foto: N.N.
zerofoundation.de/siehst-du-den-wind-gruss-an-tinguely-2/
Heinz Mack, Siehst du den Wind? (Gruß an Tinguely), 1962, 204 x 64 x 40 cm, aluminum, iron, electrical system, motor (220 V), plastic ribbons, tape, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-No. mkp.ZERO.2008.16, photo: N.N.
zerofoundation.de/en/siehst-du-den-wind-gruss-an-tinguely/
Günther Uecker, Sintflut (Die Engel Fliegen), 1963, 89 x 62.5 cm (framed: 102 x 72.5 cm), b/w photographic prints, newspaper clippings, handmade paper, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, inventory no.: FK.ZERO.2023.03, photo: Matias Möller
zerofoundation.de/en/sintflut-die-engel-fliegen-2/
Günther Uecker, Sintflut (Die Engel Fliegen), 1963, 89 x 62,5 cm (gerahmt: 102 x 72,5 cm), SW-Fotoabzüge, Zeitungsausschnitte, Büttenpapier, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-Nr.: FK.ZERO.2023.03, Foto: Matias Möller
zerofoundation.de/sintflut-die-engel-fliegen/
Short ZERO-Biography of  Uli Pohl   Born in Munich on October 28, 1935, Uli Pohl studied painting under Ernst Geitlinger at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich from 1954 to 1961. In 1961, Udo Kultermann invites the graduate to participate in the exhibition 30 junge Deutsche (30 Young Germans) at Morsbroich Castle in Leverkusen. Heinz Mack, Otto Piene and Günther Uecker are also involved in this. It is not long before he is included in the magazine ZERO vol. 3 as DYNAMO POHL and from then on his works are part of the ZERO exhibitions. Pohl’s artistic material of choice has for a lon
zerofoundation.de/en/uli-pohl-2/
  ZERO-Kurzbiografie Walter Leblanc   Walter Leblanc, geboren am 26. Dezember 1932 in Antwerpen, gestorben am 14. Januar 1986 in Brüssel, studierte von 1949 bis 1954 an der Königlichen Akademie für Schöne Künste in Antwerpen. 1958 wird er zu einem der Gründungsmitglieder der Künstlergruppe G58 Hessenhuis. Ein Jahr später taucht das erste Mal die Torsion als Gestaltungsmittel in seinen Werken auf, die zu dem bestimmenden Merkmal seiner Kunst wird. Mithilfe von Windungen und Verdrehungen von Papier, Karton oder Fäden werden dreidimensionale Strukturen geschaffen, die auch in skulptur
zerofoundation.de/walter-leblanc/
  Short ZERO-Biography of Walter Leblanc   Walter Leblanc, born December 26, 1932 in Antwerp, died January 14, 1986 in Brussels, studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Königliche Akademie für Schöne Künste) in Antwerp from 1949 to 1954. In 1958 he became one of the founding members of the artist group G58 Hessenhuis. A year later, torsion appeared for the first time as a design element in his works, and it became the defining characteristic of his art. With the help of twists and turns of paper, cardboard or threads, three-dimensional structures are created, which are also tran
zerofoundation.de/en/walter-leblanc-2/
Otto Piene, Weißer Lichtgeist , 1966220 x Ø 60 cm, crystal glass, metal, bulb, timer, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-No. mkp.ZERO.2012.06, photo: Marcus Schwier
zerofoundation.de/en/weisser-lichtgeist-2/
Otto Piene, Weißer Lichtgeist, 1966, 220 x Ø 60 cm, Kristallglas, Metall, Glühbirnen, Zeitschaltung, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-Nr. mkp.ZERO.2012.06, Foto: Marcus Schwier
zerofoundation.de/weisser-lichtgeist/
Heinz Mack, ZERO-Rakete für „ZERO“, Nr. 3, 1961, Inv.-Nr.: mkp.ZERO.2.VI.30, Nachlass Otto Piene, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf
zerofoundation.de/zero-rakete-fuer-zero-nr-3/
Heinz Mack, ZERO rocket for “ZERO”, no. 3, 1961, Inv.-Nr.: mkp.ZERO.2.VI.30, Nachlass Otto Piene, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf
zerofoundation.de/en/zero-rocket-for-zero-no-3/
Heinz Mack, ZERO-Wecker, 1964, 15 x 13 x 6 cm, Wecker mit Collage, ZERO foundation, Düsseldorf, Invent.-Nr. mkp.ZERO.2008.12, Foto: Horst Kolberg
zerofoundation.de/zero-wecker/
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